DRACUT

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Options

-f, --force

overwrite existing initramfs file.

-m, --modules LIST

specify a space-separated list of dracut modules to call when building the initramfs. Modules are located in /usr/share/dracut/modules.d.

-o, --omit LIST

omit a space-separated list of dracut modules.

-a, --add LIST

add a space-separated list of dracut modules.

-d, --drivers LIST

specify a space-separated list of kernel modules to exclusively include# in the initramfs. --add-drivers LIST specify a space-separated list of kernel modules to add to the initramfs.

--filesystems LIST

specify a space-separated list of kernel filesystem modules to exclusively include in the generic initramfs.

-k, --kmoddir {DIR}

specify the directory, where to look for kernel modules

--fwdir {DIR}

specify additional directory, where to look for firmwares

--kernel-only

only install kernel drivers and firmware files

--no-kernel

do not install kernel drivers and firmware files

--mdadmconf

include local /etc/mdadm.conf

--nomdadmconf

do not include local /etc/mdadm.conf

--strip

strip binaries in the initramfs (default)

--nostrip

do not strip binaries in the initramfs

-h, --help

display help text and exit.

--debug

output debug information of the build process

-v, --verbose

verbose output during the build process

-c, --conf FILE

specify configuration file to use. Default: /etc/dracut.conf

--confdir DIR

specify configuration directory to use. Default: /etc/dracut.conf.d

-l, --local

local mode. Use modules from the current working directory instead of the system-wide installed in /usr/share/dracut/modules.d. Useful when running dracut from a git checkout.

-H, --hostonly

Host-Only mode: Install only what is needed for booting the local host instead of a generic host.

-i, --include SOURCE TARGET

include the files in the SOURCE directory into the target directory in the final initramfs.

-I, --install LIST

install the space separated list of files into the initramfs.

KERNEL COMMAND LINE

Standard

init=<path to real init>

root=<path to blockdevice>

specify blockdevice to use as root filesystem.
 e.g.
  root=/dev/sda1
  root=/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.1-scsi-0:0:1:0-part1

rootfstype=<filesystem type>

"auto" if not specified, e.g. rootfstype=ext3

rootflags=<mount options>

specify additional mount options for the root filesystem. If not set, /etc/fstab of the real root will be parsed for special mount options and mounted accordingly.

rd_NO_FSTAB

do not honor special mount options for the root filesystem found in /etc/fstab of the real root.

Misc

rdblacklist=<drivername>

do not load kernel module <drivername>

rdloaddriver=<drivername>

force loading kernel module <drivername>

Debug

rdinfo

print informational output though "quiet" is set

rdshell

allow dropping to a shell, if root mounting fails

rdinitdebug

set -x for the dracut shell and logs to dmesg, console and /init.log

rdbreak

drop to a shell at the end

rdbreak={cmdline:|pre-udev:|pre-trigger:|initqueue:|pre-mount:|mount:|pre-pivot} drop to a shell on defined breakpoint

rdudevinfo

set udev to loglevel info

rdudevdebug

set udev to loglevel debug

rdnetdebug

debug network scripts in dracut. Output is written to /tmp/

I18N

KEYBOARDTYPE=sun|pc

will be written to /etc/sysconfig/keyboard in the initramfs

KEYTABLE=<keytable filename>

will be written to /etc/sysconfig/keyboard in the initramfs

SYSFONT=Console font

will be written to /etc/sysconfig/i18n in the initramfs

SYSFONTACM=Unicode font map

will be written to /etc/sysconfig/i18n in the initramfs

UNIMAP=Unicode font map

will be written to /etc/sysconfig/i18n in the initramfs

LANG=<locale>

will be written to /etc/sysconfig/i18n in the initramfs

LVM

rd_NO_LVM

disable LVM detection

rd_LVM_VG=<volume group name>

only activate the volume groups with the given name rd_LVM_VG can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line.

rd_LVM_LV=<logical volume name>

only activate the volume groups with the given name rd_LVM_LV can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line.

rd_NO_LVMCONF

remove any /etc/lvm/lvm.conf, which may exist in the initramfs

crypto LUKS

rd_NO_LUKS

disable crypto LUKS detection

rd_LUKS_UUID=<luks uuid>

only activate the LUKS partitions with the given UUID Any "luks-" of the LUKS UUID is removed before comparing to <luks uuid>. The comparisons also matches, if <luks uuid> is only the beginning of the LUKS UUID, so you don't have to specify the full UUID. rd_NO_CRYPTTAB do not check if LUKS partition is in /etc/crypttab

MD

rd_NO_MD

disable MD RAID detection

rd_NO_MDIMSM

no MD RAID for imsm/isw raids, use dmraid instead

rd_NO_MDADMCONF

ignore mdadm.conf included in initramfs

rd_MD_UUID=<md uuid>

only activate the raid sets with the given UUID

DMRAID

rd_NO_DM

disable DM RAID detection

rd_DM_UUID=<dmraid uuid>

only activate the raid sets with the given UUID

Network

ip={dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6}

dhcp|on|any: get ip from dhcp server from all interfaces. If root=dhcp, loop sequentially through all interfaces (eth0, eth1, ...) and use the first with a valid DHCP root-path.

auto6: do IPv6 autoconfiguration

ip=<interface>:{dhcp|on|any|dhcp6|auto6}

dhcp|on|any|dhcp6: get ip from dhcp server on a specific interface

auto6: do IPv6 autoconfiguration

ip=<client-IP>::[<server-id>]::<gateway-IP>::<netmask>::<clienthostname>::<interface>::{none|off} explicit network configuration. If you want do define a IPv6 address, put it in brackets (e.g. [2001:DB8::1]).

ifname=<interface>:<MAC>

Assign network device name <interface> (ie eth0) to the NIC with MAC <MAC>. Note letters in the MAC-address must be lowercase! Note that if you use this option you must specify an ifname= argument for all interfaces used in ip= or fcoe= arguments

bootdev=<interface>

specify network interface to use routing and netroot information from. Required if multiple ip= lines are used.

nameserver=<IP> [nameserver=<IP> ...]

specify nameserver(s) to use

NFS

root=[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[:<nfs-options>]

mount nfs share from <server-ip>:/<root-dir>, if no server-ip is given, use dhcp next_server. NFS options can be appended with the prefix ":" or "," and are seperated by ",".

root=nfs:[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[:<nfs-options>]

root=nfs4:[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[:<nfs-options>]

root=dhcp|dhcp6

root=dhcp alone directs initrd to look at the DHCP root-path where NFS options can be specified.
    root-path=<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
    root-path=nfs:<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
    root-path=nfs4:<server-ip>:<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>] 

root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]

Deprecated! kernel Documentation/filesystems/nfsroot.txt defines this method. This is supported by dracut but not recommended.

rd_NFS_DOMAIN=<NFSv4 domain name>

Set the NFSv4 domain name. Will overwrite the settings in /etc/idmap.conf.

iSCSI

root=iscsi:[username:password:[:reverse:password]@]:[<servername>]::[<protocol>]::[<port>]::[<LUN>]::<targetname> protocol defaults to "6", LUN defaults to "0".

If the "servername" field is provided by BOOTP or DHCP, then that field is used in conjunction with other associated fields to contact the boot server in the Boot stage (Section 7). However, if the "servername" field is not provided, then the "targetname" field is then used in the Discovery Service stage in conjunction with other associated fields.

http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4173

root=iscsi:[username:password:[:reverse:password]@]:[<servername>]::[<protocol>]::[<port>]::[<LUN>]::<targetname> e.g. root=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0

root=??? netroot=iscsi:[username:password[:reverse:password]@]:[<servername>]::[<protocol>]::[<port>]::[<LUN>]::<targetname> ... multiple netroot options allow setting up multiple iscsi disks Not yet implemented!
 e.g. 
  root=UUID=12424547
  netroot=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target0
  netroot=iscsi:192.168.50.1::::iqn.2009-06.dracut:target1

root=??? iscsi_initiator=<initiator> iscsi_target_name=<target name> iscsi_target_ip=<target ip> iscsi_target_port=<target port> iscsi_target_group=<target group> iscsi_username=<username> iscsi_password=<password> iscsi_in_username=<in username> iscsi_in_password=<in password> manually specify all iscsistart parameter (see iscsistart --help)

root=??? iscsi_firmware

will read the iscsi parameter from the BIOS firmware

FCoE

netroot=fcoe:<interface|MAC>:<dcb|nodcb>

Try to connect to a FCoE SAN through the NIC specified by <interface> or <MAC>, for the second argument, currently only nodcb is supported. Note letters in the MAC-address must be lowercase!

NBD

root=nbd:<server>:<port>[:<fstype>][:<mountopts>]

mount nbd share from <server>

root=dhcp

with dhcp root-path=nbd:<server>:<port>[:<fstype>][:<mountopts>] root=dhcp alone directs initrd to look at the DHCP root-path where NBD options can be specified. This syntax is only usable in cases where you are directly mounting the volume as the rootfs.

DASD

rd_DASD_MOD=....

same syntax as the kernel module parameter (s390 only)

rd_DASD=<dasd adaptor device bus ID>:[,readonly=X]:[,use_diag=X]:[,erplog=X]:[,failfast=X] activate DASD device with the given adaptor device bus ID and setting the sysfs attributes to the specified values

ZFCP

rd_ZFCP=<zfcp adaptor device bus ID>,:<WWPN>,:<FCPLUN>

rd_ZFCP can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line.

example: rd_ZFCP=0.0.4000,0x5005076300C213e9,0x5022000000000000

rd_NO_ZFCPCONF

ignore zfcp.conf included in the initramfs

CCW

rd_CCW=<nettype>,<subchannels>,<options>

rd_CCW can be specified multiple times on the kernel command line. Examples:
    rd_CCW=qeth,0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602,layer2=1,portname=foo
    rd_CCW=ctc,0.0.0600,0.0.0601,0.0.0602,protocol=bar

Plymouth Boot Splash

rd_NO_PLYMOUTH

do not start plymouth. This will not work with encrypted partitions.

FILES

/var/log/dracut.log

/tmp/dracut.log

see dracut.conf(5)

/etc/dracut.conf

Configuration in the Initramfs

/conf/conf.d/

Any files found in /conf/conf.d/ will be sourced in the initramfs to set initial values. Command line options will override these values set in the configuration files.

/etc/cmdline

Can contain additional command line options.

AUTHORS

Harald Hoyer <harald@redhat.com>
Victor Lowther <victor.lowther@gmail.com>
Warren Togami <wtogami@redhat.com>
Jeremy Katz <katzj@redhat.com>
Philippe Seewer <philippe.seewer@bfh.ch>
David Dillow <dave@thedillows.org>

AVAILABILITY

SEE ALSO

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Options

KERNEL COMMAND LINE

Standard

Misc

Debug

I18N

LVM

crypto LUKS

MD

DMRAID

Network

NFS

iSCSI

FCoE

NBD

DASD

ZFCP

CCW

Plymouth Boot Splash

FILES

Configuration in the Initramfs

AUTHORS

AVAILABILITY

SEE ALSO